Everything about Begemder totally explained
Begemder (also
Gondar or
Gonder after
its capital) was a province in the northwestern part of
Ethiopia. There are several proposed etymologies for this name. One is that it came from
Bega (
Beja) plus
meder (land) (meaning land of the Bega or Beja), as an inscription of
Emperor Ezana of
Aksum describes his movement of 4400 conquered Beja to a not yet located province named
Matlia. Another is that the first two syllables come from the
Ge'ez baggi` for sheep (Amharic
beg), although sheep have never been pastured there, and Beke believes that they could never be raised there. Beckingham and Huntingford note that Begemder originally applied to the country east of
Lake Tana, where water is scarce, and conclude, "The allusion to lack of water suggests Amharic
baga, "dry season", as a possible source of the name."
The earliest recorded mention of Begemder was on the
Fra Mauro map, (c.
1460), where it's described as a kingdom. Emperor
Lebna Dengel, in his letter to the King of
Portugal (
1526), also described Begemder as a kingdom but one that was part of his empire.
Following the restoration of Ethiopian rule, in
1942 Semien was added to Begemder. With the adoption of the constitution in
1995, Begemder was divided between the new ethnic regions (or
kilil): a strip in the southwest corner became part of the
Metekel Zone of the
Benishangul-Gumuz Region, another strip in the northwestern corner became part of the
Mi'irabawi Zone of the
Tigray Region, and the remainder became the core of the
Amhara Region.
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